tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-76223041058979983592024-03-06T15:01:45.310-05:001812nowThis blog explores events in the year 1812 as they happen.FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.comBlogger732125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-48169181376153020232013-01-01T13:13:00.003-05:002023-09-27T16:58:56.986-04:00Last Post: Thank You<br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">After 732 posts and 4,135 tweets we come to the end of 1812. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">I want to thank all the readers of this blog. I also want to thank those who have read the companion twitter feed of @1812now</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> and especially the earliest followers such as Kady O'Malley @kady, Andrew Coyne @acoyne, Walter Russell Mead @wrmead, @Moonbootica, and @2nerdyhistgirls. There are too many others to name but I want everyone to know that I am very appreciative of your interest, retweets and comments. I also want to thank my wife who has put up with my tweeting ways. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">I have enjoyed and learned a great deal during the last year. The intersection of the past with the now has been a lifelong source of interest. It is something that I wish to continue to explore. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">As a consequence, I have decided to continue into 1813 and have changed the twitter handle to <a href="https://twitter.com/1813now">@1813now</a> (now <a href="https://twitter.com/">@pastnow_</a>) and set up a new blog called <a href="http://pastnow.wordpress.com/">p</a></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://pastnow.wordpress.com/">astnow</a>. I probably will not be posting as often as the past year. I also would like to expand the scope of what I include in the blog, though for the time being I intend the twitter feed to continue chronologically, recounting events as they happen. The blog posts will be shorter and perhaps more idiosyncratic. I simply do not know. I just want the blog to be different, better and interesting. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">I welcome you to read <a href="http://pastnow.wordpress.com/">pastnow</a>. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Happy New Year and Thank you.</span><br />
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-33837137881557419502012-12-31T00:59:00.002-05:002021-09-01T15:55:43.354-04:00December 31 1812: A Prayer<br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgefO0riq6wVb_52JWiz26FtBoJ_DJI4wcgfmRQZzR7SnLQ5GWVKZ04TSuHIWQ4QSvKv4I33SndXFrXbFnH2u5eYW1vb-nEm97gSJzJvQSWP1tV20kuytHCNfkJWfOA3PW99GLqyFIKnfQ/" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1250" data-original-width="1250" height="325" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgefO0riq6wVb_52JWiz26FtBoJ_DJI4wcgfmRQZzR7SnLQ5GWVKZ04TSuHIWQ4QSvKv4I33SndXFrXbFnH2u5eYW1vb-nEm97gSJzJvQSWP1tV20kuytHCNfkJWfOA3PW99GLqyFIKnfQ/w325-h325/image.png" width="325" /></a></div></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;">On December 31 1812, in St Petersburg, John Quincy Adams offers up a prayer as 1812 comes to an end. He writes in his <a href="http://archive.org/stream/memoirsjohnquin16adamgoog#page/n10/mode/2up">diary: </a></div></span>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">31st. I offer to a merciful God at the close of this year my </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">humble tribute of gratitude for the blessings with which He has </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">in the course of it favored me and those who are dear to me, </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">and I pray for a continuance of his goodness. Above all, I pray </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">that He who worketh in us both to will and to do, may grant </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">to me and mine that temper of heart and that firmness of soul </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">which are best adapted duly to receive all his dispensations, </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">whether joyous or afflictive. It has pleased Him in the course </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">of this year to lay his chastening hand upon me, and to try me </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">with bitter sorrow. My endeavors to quell the rebellion of the </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">heart have been sincere, and have been assisted with the bless</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">ing from above. As I advance in life its evils multiply, the </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">instances of mortality become more frequent, and approach </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">nearer to myself. The greater is the need of fortitude to </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">encounter the woes that flesh is heir to, and of religion to sup</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">port pains for which there is no other remedy. Religious sen</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">timents become from day to day more constantly habitual to </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">my mind. They are perhaps too often seen in this journal. </span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">God alone can make even religion a virtue, and to Him I look </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">for aid, that mine may degenerate into no vicious excess. For </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">the future time may the favor of God, which passeth all under</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">standing, rest upon my parents, my wife, and all my children, </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">my kindred, friends, and country ; nor at this moment can I for</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">bear to include in my petitions the welfare of all human kind I </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">For myself, may the divine energies be granted to perform fully </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">all my duties to God, to my fellow-mortals in all the relations </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">of life, and to my own soul.</span></blockquote>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-80566752250542638332012-12-31T00:59:00.000-05:002017-12-13T14:09:03.784-05:00December 31 1812: Bryon on Epistles from C.<div class="separator tr_bq" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; text-align: start;">On December 31 1812, Lord Byron<a href="http://petercochran.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/byron-and-lady-melbourne-1.pdf"> writes</a> to Lady Melbourne:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">My dear L</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">y.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> M. – – I have received several epistles from C. which I have answered as seemed best at </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">y</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">. time – she has at last said that she heard of the proposal but is ignorant to whom I have owned it but </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">not added any names of any parties concerned though by this she probably knows, & it is quite as well </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">she should. – Her letters are as usual full of contradictions & less truth (if possible) than ever, my last </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">answer which was goodnatured enough but rather more facetious than befits her taste has produced a </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">pettish rejoinder, she has again written to L</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">y</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">. O but quietly & cunningly. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">She has sent me a Banker’s receipt for some money she swears she owes me, but which I will have </span>nothing to do with, I have returned it, & if the money is not removed from Hoare’s & my name withdrawn, I shall most assuredly dispatch it with her compliments {one} half to the Magdalen asylum & the other to St. Luke’s as a donation & return in kind for her bonfire – if she will play the fool I rather suspect that I shall be seized with a fit of repartee which will not be very “soothing” – this I beg you will hint as to the disposal of this money, – it is of no use to try “soothing” with so detestable a disposition, & my patience stands marvellously in need of repose. – – If Mr. N. is one of her confidants I regret it, against him I have no enmity, but through her means I was once before nearly involved in a dispute, & not improbably shall again – I do wish she would consider what the consequences may be of this <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">perpetual system of irritation on my temper – I begin to look upon her as actually mad or it would be </span>impossible for me to bear what I have from her already. – – We have no scenes here – & you do not know well if you suppose I covet them – I shall not entertain you with a long list of attributes, but merely state that I have not been guilty of once yawning in the eternity of two months under the same roof – a phenomenon in my history – we go on admirably in ye. country – but how Town may suit us I cannot foresee. – I hear Ly . Hd is not pleased with my present place of abode, no bad reason for liking it better myself. – – We shall have no quarrels about my visits to you, for you are a great favourite, though suspected of undue influence (which you deserve) and were it otherwise, after your firm adherence to my cause, I neither would nor could desert your banners unless dismissed by your own express request. – 2) I sent you so long a letter the other day on ye. subject of the P.s that I shall now no further trespass on your Xmas amusements than by wishing they may be pleasantly prolonged for the present, & oftener renewed hereafter. – This is the last day of the year – I shall hope to hear from you soon in the next – & like the Spaniards hope you “may live a thousand.” – <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">ever y</span>rs. dr. Ly. M. </span></div>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-51686972519799613582012-12-31T00:01:00.002-05:002020-03-06T12:40:25.847-05:00December 31 1812; Madison to Hamilton<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWftI0wpn0HFJOJt_hUo0pAb5bUieH0P3fakJv02bXX_CSwG93iTwfcdV3T3XpI5ILeNgwldwxRusNwEbHr2HXg_UPuham03WBGFPw27PF1sW5qdnorDNYFkGb4mbYvpdZyVs1IP5FVFw/s1600/File+James+Madison.jpg+++Wikipedia++the+free+encyclopedia.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="128" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWftI0wpn0HFJOJt_hUo0pAb5bUieH0P3fakJv02bXX_CSwG93iTwfcdV3T3XpI5ILeNgwldwxRusNwEbHr2HXg_UPuham03WBGFPw27PF1sW5qdnorDNYFkGb4mbYvpdZyVs1IP5FVFw/s400/File+James+Madison.jpg+++Wikipedia++the+free+encyclopedia.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">On December 31 1812, President Madison writes to acknowledge the resignation of his Secretary of War, Paul Hamilton.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Dear Sir,—I have received your letter of yesterday, signifying your purpose to retire from the Department which has been under your care. On an occasion which is to terminate the relation in which it placed us, I cannot satisfy my own feelings, or the tribute due to your patriotic merits and private virtues, without bearing testimony to the faithful zeal, the uniform exertions, and unimpeachable integrity, with which you have discharged that important trust; and without expressing the value I have always placed on that personal intercourse, the pleasure of which I am now to lose. With these recollections and impressions, I tender you assurances of my affectionate esteem, and of my sincerest wishes for your welfare and happiness.</span></blockquote>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-67015052272753710502012-12-31T00:01:00.001-05:002012-12-31T00:01:06.843-05:00December 31 1812: Sheaffe's Report<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;">On December 31 1812, Major General Sheaffe, in Fort George, writes to Lord Bathurst, in London, to update him on the status of the war in Upper Canada.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Major General Sheaffe to Lord Bathurst.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Fort George, 31st December, 1812.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">My Lord,—Having been so many weeks constantly in presence of an enemy of greatly superior numbers, will, I hope, apologize for me if I have not done myself the honor of addressing Your Lordship so often on the affairs of this Province as may have been expected.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">During the season for active operations a great proportion of the male population was necessarily brought forward to aid His Majesty's troops in the defence of the Province. On this frontier from Lake Ontario to Lake Erie the enemy assembled so great a force that all the militia of the neighboring district were called out.</span><br />
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<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Liberal supplies of clothing, blankets, &c, had been purchased for them in the Lower Province, but unfortunately various causes combined to delay their arrival at Kingston to a late period and to prevent them being all forwarded from thence before the close of navigation. The militia were therefore deprived of the early and extensive benefit which it had been intended to afford to them, and they were exposed to wants and privations, which many bore for some time with a most commendable constancy. In their absence, too, from their homes, their farms were suffering from neglect, much of their produce was lost, and many of their families were in distress. This state of things caused desertions before the close of the campaign, but after the feeble and unsupported attempt made by the enemy on the 28th November, near Fort Erie, his militia and a considerable number of his other troops having disbanded themselves, and a large portion of the rest having retired to winter quarters, I dismissed the militia from this frontier, with the exception of a small body. In being thus permitted to return to their homes it at the same time affords relief to them and to their families and enables them to prepare future supplies of various kinds for His Majesty's troops. The effective force of the militia which has served on this frontier has been reduced by losses in the field and also by sickness, which, not confined to them, has generally prevailed in the Province. On the enemy's side it has raged to a much greater extent, and has not a little contributed to weaken his efforts against us.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The vigorous measures which have commenced under the direction of His Excellency Sir George Prevost for the increase of the Provincial Marine force have produced a happy effect on the public mind, which began to be depressed on finding that the St. Lawrence had closed without bringing reinforcements from Europe, and that the Americans were making most formidable exertions to wrest from us the superiority on the lakes.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">I propose going soon to York, where I shall consult the Executive Council on the expediency of summoning the Legislature to assemble before the expiration of the winter.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">(Canadian Archives, Q. 315, pp. 219-221.</span></div>
FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-31270464750489524262012-12-30T00:38:00.001-05:002012-12-30T00:38:50.394-05:00December 30 1812: Dinner and Cards<br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">After dinner a rubber at Lamb's; then went with Lamb and Burney to Rickman's. Hazlitt there. Cards, as usual, were our amusement. Lamb was in a pleasant mood. Rickman produced one of Chatterton's forgeries. In one manuscript there were seventeen different kinds of e's. "0," said Lamb, "that must have been written by one of <b>the Mob of gentlemen who write with ease."</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> — Henry Crabb Robinson <a href="http://books.google.ca/books?id=oHhUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA222&lpg=PA222&dq=After+dinner+a+rubber+at+Lamb's;+december+30+1812&source=bl&ots=R9X1qK_bRU&sig=h9-NwokIwFaM8roL7QflpMcIx8Q&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8NHfUMeQHsjo2AWB5oH4Ag&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=After%20dinner%20a%20rubber%20at%20Lamb's%3B%20december%2030%201812&f=false">writes</a> in his diary for December 30th, 1812 </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Or damn all Shakespeare, like th' affected fool</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">At court, who hates whate'er he read at school.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> But for the wits of either Charles's days,</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>The mob of gentlemen who wrote with ease;</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Sprat, Carew, Sedley, and a hundred more,</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">(Like twinkling stars the Miscellanies o'er)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">One simile, that solitary shines</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">In the dry desert of a thousand lines,</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Or lengthen'd thought that gleams through many a page,</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Has sanctified whole poems for an age.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> — </span> <a href="http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/174170">Imitations of Horace </a>by Alexander Pope, </span></div>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-73784078802444203092012-12-29T00:33:00.002-05:002012-12-29T21:22:03.995-05:00December 29 1812: Constitution Defeats HMS Java<br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">On December 29 1812, the USS Constitution engages and defeats the HMS Java off the coast of Brazil. The Constitution suffers 34 men killed and wounded. The Java has 150 men killed or wounded. William Bainbridge, the captain of the Constitution, is wounded twice during the battle. Captain Lambert of the Java is killed</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. The Java cannot be salvaged and is sunk.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">T</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">heodore Roosevelt wrote about the sea battle in </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;"><a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/9104">The Naval War of 1812</a>. He described the encounter as follows:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">At 9 A.M., Dec. 29, 1812, while the Constitution was running along the coast of Brazil, about thirty miles off shore in latitude 13° 6' S., and longitude 31° W, two strange sail were made, inshore and to windward. These were H. B. M. frigate Java, Captain Lambert, forty-eight days out of Spithead, England, with the captured ship William in company. Directing the latter to make for San Salvador, the Java bore down in chase of the Constitution. The wind was blowing light from the N.N.E., and there was very little sea on.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">At 10 the Java made the private signals, English, Spanish, and Portuguese in succession, none being answered; meanwhile the Constitution was standing up toward the Java on the starboard tack; a little after 11 she hoisted her private signal, and then, being satisfied that the strange sail was an enemy, she wore and stood off toward the S.E., to draw her antagonist away from the land,1 which was plainly visible. The Java hauled up, and made sail in a parallel course, the Constitution bearing about three points on her lee bow. The Java gained rapidly, being much the swifter.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">At 1.30 the Constitution luffed up, shortened her canvas to top-sails, top-gallant sails, jib, and spanker, and ran easily off on the port tack, heading toward the southeast; she carried her commodore's pendant at the main, national ensigns at the mizzen-peak and main top-gallant mast-head, and a Jack at the fore. The Java also had taken in the main-sail and royals, and came down in a lasking course on her adversary's weather-quarter,2 hoisting her ensign at the mizzen-peak, a union Jack at the mizzen top-gallant mast-head, and another lashed to the main-rigging. At 2 P.M., the Constitution fired a shot ahead of her, following it quickly by a broadside,3 and the two ships began at long bowls, the English firing the lee or starboard battery while the Americans replied with their port guns. The cannonade was very spirited on both sides, the ships suffering about equally. The first broadside of the Java was very destructive, killing and wounding several of the Constitution's crew. The Java kept edging down, and the action continued, with grape and musketry in addition; the swifter British ship soon forereached and kept away, intending to wear across her slower antagonist's bow and rake her; but the latter wore in the smoke, and the two combatants ran off to the westward, the Englishman still a-weather and steering freer than the Constitution, which had luffed to close.4 The action went on at pistol-shot distance. In a few minutes, however, the Java again forged ahead, out of the weight of her adversary's fire, and then kept off, as before, to cross her bows; and, as before, the Constitution avoided this by wearing, both ships again coming round with their heads to the east, the American still to leeward.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The Java kept the weather-gage tenaciously, forereaching a little, and whenever the Constitution got up to close,1 the former tried to rake her. But her gunnery was now poor, little damage being done by it; most of the loss the Americans suffered was early in the action. By setting her foresail and main-sail the Constitution got up close on the enemy's lee beam, her fire being very heavy and carrying away the end of the Java's bowsprit and her jib-boom.2 The Constitution forged ahead and repeated her former manoeuvre, wearing in the smoke. The Java at once hove in stays, but owing to the loss of head-sail fell off very slowly, and the American frigate poured a heavy raking broadside into her stern, at about two cables' length distance. The Java replied with her port guns as she fell off.3 Both vessels then bore up and ran off free, with the wind on the port quarter; the Java being abreast and to windward of her antagonist, both with their heads a little east of south. The ships were less than a cable's length apart, and the Constitution inflicted great damage while suffering very little herself. The British lost many men by the musketry of the American topmen, and suffered still more from the round and grape, especially on the forecastle,4 many marked instances of valor being shown on both sides. The Java's masts were wounded and her rigging cut to pieces, and Captain Lambert then ordered her to be laid aboard the enemy, who was on her lee beam. The helm was put a-weather, and the Java came down for the Constitution's mainchains. The boarders and marines gathered in the gangways and on the forecastle, the boatswain having been ordered to cheer them up with his pipe that they might make a clean spring. The Americans, however, raked the British with terrible effect, cutting off their main top-mast above the cap, and their foremast near the cat harpings.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The stump of the Java's bowsprit got caught in the Constitution's mizzen-rigging, and before it got clear the British suffered still more.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Finally the ships separated, the Java's bowsprit passing over the taffrail of the Constitution; the latter at once kept away to avoid being raked. The ships again got nearly abreast, but the Constitution, in her turn, forereached; whereupon Commodore Bainbridge wore, passed his antagonist, luffed up under his quarter, raked him with the starboard guns, then wore, and recommenced the action with his port broadside at about 3.10. Again the vessels were abreast, and the action went on as furiously as ever. The wreck of the top hamper on the Java lay over her starboard side, so that every discharge of her guns set her on fire,1 and in a few minutes her able and gallant commander was mortally wounded by a ball fired by one of the American main-top-men. The command then devolved on the first lieutenant, Chads, himself painfully wounded. The slaughter had been terrible, yet the British fought on with stubborn resolution, cheering lustily. But success was now hopeless, for nothing could stand against the cool precision of the Yankee fire. The stump of the Java's foremast was carried away by a double-headed shot, the mizzen-mast fell, the gaff and spanker boom were shot away, also the main-yard, and finally the ensign was cut down by a shot, and all her guns absolutely silenced; when at 4.05 the Constitution, thinking her adversary had struck,3 ceased firing, hauled aboard her tacks, and passed across her adversary's bows to windward, with her top-sails, jib, and spanker set. A few minutes afterward the Java's main-mast fell, leaving her a sheer hulk. The Constitution assumed a weatherly position, and spent an hour in repairing damages and securing her masts; then she wore and stood toward her enemy, whose flag was again flying, but only for bravado, for as soon as the Constitution stood across her forefoot she struck.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">At 5.25 she was taken possession of by Lieutenant Parker, 1st of the Constitution, in one of the latter's only two remaining boats.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The American ship had suffered comparatively little. But a round shot had struck her hull, one of which carried away the wheel; one 18-pounder went through the mizzen-mast; the fire-mast, main-top-mast, and a few other spars were slightly wounded, and the running rigging and shrouds were a good deal cut; but in an hour she was again in good fighting trim. Her loss amounted to 8 seamen and 1 marine killed; the 5th lieutenant, John C. Alwyn, and 2 seamen, mortally, Commodore Bainbridge and 12 seamen, severely, and 7 seamen and 2 marines, slightly wounded; in all 12 killed and mortally wounded, and 22 wounded severely and slightly.1</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">"The Java sustained unequalled injuries beyond the Constitution," says the British account. These have already been given in detail; she was a riddled and entirely dismasted hulk. Her loss (for discussion of which see farther on) was 48 killed (including Captain Henry Lambert, who died soon after the close of the action, and five midshipmen), and 102 wounded, among them Lieutenant Henry Ducie Chads, Lieutenant of Marines David Davies, Commander John Marshall, Lieut. James Saunders, the boatswain, James Humble, master, Batty Robinson, and four midshipmen.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">In this action both ships displayed equal gallantry and seamanship. "The Java," says Commodore Bainbridge, "was exceedingly well handled and bravely fought. Poor Captain Lambert was a distinguished and gallant officer, and a most worthy man, whose death I sincerely regret." The manoeuvring on both sides was excellent; Captain Lambert used the advantage which his ship possessed in her superior speed most skillfully, always endeavoring to run across his adversary's bows and rake him when he had forereached, and it was only owing to the equal skill which his antagonist displayed that he was foiled, the length of the combat being due to the number of evolutions.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The great superiority of the Americans was in their gunnery. The fire of the Java was both less rapid and less well directed than that of her antagonist; the difference of force against her was not heavy, being about as ten is to nine, and was by no means enough to account for the almost fivefold greater loss she suffered.</span></div>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-19242836047489540892012-12-28T21:17:00.001-05:002012-12-28T21:17:46.417-05:00December 28 1812: Elizabeth Craven<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5Bij8WhFrI21eQgPagQekGKUxowcAsWsGk6rYbdM8DuwDvobdSbkj-vmMPpm0QJe3MEBiovQXAL_FLWFu6M29h_iTdCga9G8Zzo13N1sT3b_CkohTHuG0B_C2oZRyQ7TFsIBTf8z9ipg/s1600/220px-Elizabeth_(Berkeley),_Margravine_of_Anspach_by_Ozias_Humphry.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5Bij8WhFrI21eQgPagQekGKUxowcAsWsGk6rYbdM8DuwDvobdSbkj-vmMPpm0QJe3MEBiovQXAL_FLWFu6M29h_iTdCga9G8Zzo13N1sT3b_CkohTHuG0B_C2oZRyQ7TFsIBTf8z9ipg/s400/220px-Elizabeth_(Berkeley),_Margravine_of_Anspach_by_Ozias_Humphry.jpg" width="333" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">No news from the wandering Prince. Berkeley told me he was to come in March, which month I dread. I should think, by all accounts, that you are much gayer in Scotland than we are in England. Miss Welsley is married to a very rich young Mr Lytleton, and young John Madocks is to be married to a Miss Aclam, who is an immense fortune for him. This is all the news I know, except that Skeffington is a great friend of Betty's, and admires his acting, which I do not.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">It is the fashion for every one to have violent coughs, and I am in that fashion. My brother the Admiral has bought a nice house in S. Audley Street, where he and his wife, Lady Emily, are coming to stay. I suppose the treatment he has received from Ministers will come out if Lord Wellington returns not well pleased, which, I suppose, must be the case if, as I suppose too, his frisk to Madrid was by orders from hence.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">You must expect to have nothing but dull politics from me, for I hear nothing else; but I shall hope the spring will bring you and some other exotics to cheer us.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">I only write now to say I am alive, and always wish to hear from you.—Believe me yours sin- Elizabeth, &c</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>— Elizabeth Craven (née Lady Elizabeth Berkeley), then Baroness Craven, and then Margravine of Anspach, <a href="http://archive.org/stream/lettersfromtocha02shariala#page/n7/mode/2up">writes</a> to C. Kirkpatrick Sharpe </b></span><b style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">on December 28th, 1812.</b><br />
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-68963119173928018762012-12-28T20:53:00.000-05:002012-12-28T21:07:24.418-05:00December 28 1812: Jefferson and Adams<div style="font-size: 11pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwOllo18GzWPADMBS5WMVeBAeUjr5B4JcCIcSECogP6yuLXQ2hDQCO18ZPgdZkEk-cMHmFQi8e-bYlgN8BXgfoTBWc04VcqflMT8CfKZHWzzXTzv1N9BRxPUO8HRyh4b7Lvp3Gtc2pUzk/s1600/File+Thomas+Jefferson2.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="" class="" id="blogsy-1356745459298.2856" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwOllo18GzWPADMBS5WMVeBAeUjr5B4JcCIcSECogP6yuLXQ2hDQCO18ZPgdZkEk-cMHmFQi8e-bYlgN8BXgfoTBWc04VcqflMT8CfKZHWzzXTzv1N9BRxPUO8HRyh4b7Lvp3Gtc2pUzk/s1600/File+Thomas+Jefferson2.png" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">On December 28 1812, Thomas Jefferson from Monticello, <a href="http://www.yamaguchy.com/library/jefferson/1812.html">writes</a> to John Adams.</span><br />
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<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/US_Navy_031029-N-6236G-001_A_painting_of_President_John_Adams_(1735-1826),_2nd_president_of_the_United_States,_by_Asher_B._Durand_(1767-1845)-crop.jpg/220px-US_Navy_031029-N-6236G-001_A_painting_of_President_John_Adams_(1735-1826),_2nd_president_of_the_United_States,_by_Asher_B._Durand_(1767-1845)-crop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="" class="" id="blogsy-1356745459302.6904" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/US_Navy_031029-N-6236G-001_A_painting_of_President_John_Adams_(1735-1826),_2nd_president_of_the_United_States,_by_Asher_B._Durand_(1767-1845)-crop.jpg/220px-US_Navy_031029-N-6236G-001_A_painting_of_President_John_Adams_(1735-1826),_2nd_president_of_the_United_States,_by_Asher_B._Durand_(1767-1845)-crop.jpg" /></a><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt;">Dear Sir,—An absence of five or six weeks, on a journey I take three or four times a year, must apologize for my late acknowledgment of your favor of October 12th. After getting through the mass of business which generally accumulates during my absence, my first attention has been bestowed on the subject of your letter. I turned to the passages you refer to in Hutchinson and Winthrop, and with the aid of their dates, I examined our historians to see if Wollaston’s migration to this State was noticed by them. It happens, unluckily, that Smith and Stith, who alone of them go into minute facts, bring their histories, the former only to 1623, and the latter to 1624. Wollaston’s arrival in Massachusetts was in 1625, and his removal to this State was "sometime" after. Beverly & Keith,who came lower down, are nearly superficial, giving nothing but those general facts which every one knew as well as themselves. If our public records of that date were not among those destroyed by the British on their invasion of this State, they may possibly have noticed Wollaston. What I possessed in this way have been given out to two gentlemen, the one engaged in writing our history, the other in collecting our ancient laws; so that none of these resources are at present accessible to me. Recollecting that Nathaniel Morton, in his New England memorial, gives with minuteness the early annals of the colony of New Plymouth, and occasionally interweaves the occurrences of that on Massachusetts Bay, I recurred to him, and under the year 1628, I find he notices both Wollaston and Thomas Morton, and gives with respect to both, some details which are not in Hutchinson or Winthrop. As you do not refer to him, and so possibly may not have his book, I will transcribe from it the entire passage, which will prove at least my desire to gratify your curiosity as far as the materials within my power will enable me.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt;">Extract from Nathaniel Morton’s New England’s Memorial, pp. 93 to 99, Anno 1628. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> "Whereas about three years before this time, there came over one Captain Wollaston, a man of considerable parts, and with him three or four more of some eminency who brought with them a great many servants, with provisions and other requisites for to begin a plantation, and pitched themselves in a place within the Massachusetts Bay, which they called afterwards by their captain’s name, Mount Wollaston; which place is since called by the name of Braintry. And amongst others that came with him, there was one Mr. Thomas Morton, who, it should seem, had some small adventure of his own or other men’s amongst them, but had little respect, and was slighted by the meanest servants they kept. They having continued some time in New England, and not finding things to answer their expectation, nor profit to arise as they looked for, the said Captain Wollaston takes a great part of the servants and transports them </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">to Virginia</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> and disposed of them there, and writes back to one Mr. Rasdale, one of his chief partners, (and accounted then merchant,) to bring another part of them to Virginia, likewise intending to put them off there as he had done </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">the rest</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;">; and he, with the consent of the said Rasdale, appointed one whose name was Filcher, to be his Lieutenant, and govern the remainder of the plantation until he or Rasdale should take further order thereabout. But the aforesaid Morton, (having more craft than honesty,) having been a petty-foggerat Furnival’s-inn, he, in the other’s absence, watches an opportunity, (commons being put hard among them,) and got some strong drink and other junkets, and made them a feast, and after they were merry, he began to tell them he would give them good counsel. You see, (saith he,) that many of your fellows are carried to Virginia, and if you stay still until Rasdale’s return, you will also be carried away and sold for slaves with the rest; therefore I would advise you to thrust out Lieutenant Filcher, and I having a part in the plantation, will receive you as my partners, and consociates, so you may be free from service,and we will converse, plant, trade and live together as equals (or to the </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">like effect</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;">). This counsel was easily followed; so they took opportunity, and thrust Lieutenant Filcher out of doors, and would not suffer him to come anymore amongst them, but forced him to seek bread to eat and other necessaries amongst his neighbors, till he would get passage for England, (See the sad effect of want of good government.)</span></span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">"After this they fell to great licentiousness of life, in all prophaneness, and the said Morton became lord of misrule, and maintained (as it were) a school of Atheism,and after they had got some goods into their hands, and got much by trading with the Indians, they spent it as vainly, in quaffing and drinking both wine and strong liquors in great excess, (as some have reported,) ten pounds worth in a morning, setting up a May pole, drinking and dancing about like so many fairies, or furies rather, yea and worse practices, as if they had anew revived and celebrated the feast of the Roman goddess Flora, or the beastly practices of the mad Bacchanalians. The said Morton likewise to show his poetry, composed sundry rythmes and verses, some tending to licentiousness, and others to the detraction and scandal of some persons’ names, which he affixed to his idle or idol May-pole ; they changed also the name of their place, and instead of calling it Mount Wollaston, they called it the Merry Mount, as if this jollity would have lasted always. But this continued not long, for shortly after that worthy gentleman Mr.John Antacid, who brought over a patent under the broad seal of England for the government of the Massachusetts, visiting those parts, caused that Maypole to be cut down, and rebuked them for their prophaneness, and admonished them tolook to it that they walked better ; so the name was again changed and called Mount Dagon."</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">" Now to maintain this riotous prodigality and profuse expense, the said Morton thinking himself lawless, and hearing what gain the fishermen made of trading of pieces,powder, and shot, he as head of this consortship, began the practice of the same in these parts ; and first he taught the Indians how to use them, to charge and discharge ’em, and what proportion of powder to give the piece, according to the size of bigness of the same, and what shot to use for fowl, and what for deer; and having instructed them, he employed some of them to hunt and fowl for him; so as they became somewhat more active in that imployment than any of the English, by reason of their swiftness of foot, and nimbleness of body, being alsoquick-sighted, and by continual exercise, well knowing the haunt of all </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">sorts of</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> game ; so as when they saw the execution that a piece would do, and the benefit that might come by the same,they became very eager after them, and would not stick to give any price </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">they could</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> attain to for them; accounting their bows and arrows but baubles in comparison of them.</span></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 11pt;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 11pt;">" And here we may take occasion to bewail the mischief which came by this wicked man, and others like unto him; in that notwithstanding laws for the restraint of selling ammunition to the natives,that so far base covetousness prevailed, and doth still prevail, as that the Salvages became amply furnished with guns, powder, shot, rapiers, pistols, and also well skilled in repairing of defective arms : yea some have not spared to tell them how gun powder is made, and all the materials in it, and they are to be had in their own land; and would (no doubt, in case they could attain to the making of Saltpeter) teach them to make powder, and what mischief may fall out unto the English in these parts thereby, let this pestilent fellow Morton (aforenamed) bear a great part of the blame and guilt of it to future generations. But lest I should hold the reader too long in relation to the particulars of his vile actings ; when as the English that then lived up and down about the Massachusetts, and in other places, perceiving the sad consequences of his trading, so as the Indians became furnished with the English arms and ammunition, and expert in the improving of them, and fearing that they should at one time or another get a blow thereby; and also taking notice, that if he were let alone in his way, they should keep no servants for him, because he would entertain any, how vile soever, sundry of the chief of the straggling plantations met together, and agreed by mutual consent to send to Plimouth, who were then of more strength to join with them, to suppress this mischief</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">; who considering the particulars proposed to them to join together to take some speedy course to prevent (if it might be)the evil that was accruing towards them; and resolved first to admonish him of his wickedness respecting </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">the premises</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> laying before him the injury he did to their common safety, and </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">that his</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> acting considering the same was against the King’s proclamation; but he insolently persisted on in his way,and said the King was dead, and his displeasure with him, and threatened </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">them that</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> if they come to molest him, they should look to themselves; so that they saw that there was no way but </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">to take</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> him by force; so they resolved </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">to proceed</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> in such a way, and obtained of the Governor of Plimouth to send Capt.Standish and some other aid with him, to take the said Morton by force, </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">the which</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> accordingly was done; but </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">they found</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> him to stand stiffly on his defence, having made fast his doors, </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">armed his</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> consorts, set powder and shot ready upon the table; scoffed and scorned </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">at them</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> he and his complices being filled with strong drink, were desperate </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">in their</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> way; but he himself coming out </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">of doors</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> to make a shot at Capt. Standish, he stepping to him put by his piece </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">and took</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> him, and so little hurt was done ; and so he was brought prisoner to Plimouth, and continued in </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">durance till</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> an opportunity of sending him for England, which was done at their </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">common charge</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> and letters also with him, to the honorable council for New England,and returned again into the country in some short time, with less </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">punishment than</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> his demerits deserved (as was apprehended). The year following he was again apprehended,and sent for England, where he lay a considerable time in Exeter gaol; </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">for besides</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> his miscarriage here in New England, he was suspected to have </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">murdered a</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> man that had ventured monies with him when he came first into New England;and a warrant was sent over from the Lord Chief Justice to apprehend him, </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">by virtue</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> whereof, he was by the Governor of Massachusetts sent into England, andfor other of his misdemeanors amongst them in that government, they </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">demolished his</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> house, that it might no longer be a roost for such unclean birds. Notwithstanding he got free in England again,and wrote an infamous and scurrilous book against many godly and chief men </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">of the</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> country, full of lies and slanders, and full fraught with prophane calumnies against their names and persons, and the way of God. But to the intent I may not trouble </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">the reader</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> any more with mentioning of him in this history ; in fine, sundry years after he came </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">again into</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> the country, and was imprisoned at Boston for the aforesaid book and </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">other things</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> but denied sundry things therein, affirming his book was adulterated. And soon after being grown old in wickedness,at last ended his life at Piscataqua. But I fear I have held the reader too long about so unworthy a person,but hope it may be useful to take notice how wickedness was beginning, </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">and would</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> have further proceeded, had it not been prevented timely."</span></span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">So far Nathaniel Morton. The copy you have of Thomas Morton’s New English Canaan, printed in 1637 by Stam of Amsterdam, was a second edition of that "infamous and scurrilous book against the godly." The first had been printed in 1632, by Charles Green, in a quarto of 188 pages, and is the one alluded to by N.Morton. Both of them made a part of the American library given by White Kennett in 1713 to the Society for </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">the propagation</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> of the Gospel in foreign parts. This society being a chartered one, still, as I believe, existing, </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">and probably</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> their library also, I suppose that these and the other books of </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">that immense</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> collection, the catalogue of which occupies 275 pages quarto, are </span><span style="font-size: 15px;">still to</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> be found with them. If any research I can hereafter make should ever bring to my knowledge anything more of Wollaston, I shall not fail to communicate it to you. Ever and affectionately yours.</span></span></div>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-449453826825887102012-12-27T23:04:00.000-05:002012-12-27T23:26:42.667-05:00December 27 1812: Jefferson on Perpetual Motion Machines<br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">After an absence of five weeks at a distant possession of mine, to which I pay such visits three or four times a year, I find here your favor of November 30th. I am very thankful to you for the description of Redhefer’s machine. I had never before been able to form an idea of what his principle of deception was. He is the first of the inventors of perpetual motion within my knowledge, who has had the cunning to put his visitors on a false pursuit, by amusing them with a sham machinery whose loose and vibratory motion might impose on them the belief that it is the real source of the motion they see. To this device he is indebted for a more extensive delusion than I have before witnessed on this point. We are full of it as far as this State, and I know not how much farther. In Richmond they have done me the honor to quote me as having said that it was a possible thing. A poor Frenchman who called on me the other day, with another invention of perpetual motion, assured me that Dr. Franklin, many years ago, expressed his opinion to him that it was not impossible. Without entering into contest on this abuse of the Doctor’s name, I gave him the answer I had given to others before, that the Almighty himself could not construct a machine of perpetual motion while the laws exist which He has prescribed for the government of matter in our system ; that the equilibrium established by Him between cause and effect must be suspended to effect that purpose. But Redhefer seems to be reaping a rich harvest from the public deception. The office of science is to instruct the ignorant. Would it be unworthy of some one of its votaries who witness this deception, to give a popular demonstration of the insufficiency of the ostensible machinery, and of course of the necessary existence of some hidden mover? And who could do it with more effect on the public mind than yourself ? I </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">received, at the same time, the Abbe Rochon’s pamphlets and book on his application of the double refraction of the Iceland Spath to the measure of small angles. I was intimate with him in France, and had received there, in many conversations, explanations of what is contained in these sheets. I possess, too, one of his lunettes which he had given to Dr. Franklin, and which came to me through Mr. Hopkinson. You are therefore probably acquainted with it. The graduated bar on each side is 12 inches long. The one extending to 37' of angle, the other to 3,438 diameter in distance of the object viewed. On so large a scale of graduation, a nonias might distinctly enough subdivide the divisions of 10" to 10" each ; which is certainly a great degree of precision. But not possessing the common micrometer of two semi-lenses, I am not able to judge of their comparative merit. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> —Thomas Jefferson, Monticello, <a href="http://www.yamaguchy.com/library/jefferson/1812.html">writes</a> to </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Dr. Robert Patterson, </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">December 27, 1812</span></div>
FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-89672300222836433032012-12-27T22:48:00.002-05:002012-12-27T22:48:28.498-05:00December 27 1812: Shelley and His Relations<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhykBULnm1vdpnipZrYfq9t0VBw4ZHIoBipJy4N1dB6CTwY3ymOA-3fBxaz5FKd1i2Ko8wr7_B2Nyhzkml4J9L55KgVyj8NdsI40xc3VKycj1r88I6-SlG5MdOoYHynPQRkMK8lFrnVm2g/s1600/Google+Image+Result+for+http+++i.telegraph.co.uk+multimedia+archive+01184+arts+graphics+2008_1184474a.jpg.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhykBULnm1vdpnipZrYfq9t0VBw4ZHIoBipJy4N1dB6CTwY3ymOA-3fBxaz5FKd1i2Ko8wr7_B2Nyhzkml4J9L55KgVyj8NdsI40xc3VKycj1r88I6-SlG5MdOoYHynPQRkMK8lFrnVm2g/s400/Google+Image+Result+for+http+++i.telegraph.co.uk+multimedia+archive+01184+arts+graphics+2008_1184474a.jpg.png" width="263" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">I question if intimacy with my relations would add at all to our tranquility. They would be plotting and playing the Devil, or shewing us to people who would do so:— or they would bore & be dull, or they would take stupid likes or dislikes, & they certainly might cramp the liberty of our movements.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> — Percy Shelley, in Tremadoc, Wales, </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">December 27, 1812.</span>FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-829985489729881372012-12-26T23:53:00.000-05:002012-12-26T23:53:30.679-05:00December 27 1812: Princess Charlotte and Caroline<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">On December 27 1812, Lord Byron writes to Lady Melbourne about </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Princess Charlotte, the estranged daughter of the Prince Regent, and inevitably Lady Caroline Lamb. The latter has written to him with a "</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">long account of the bonfire still more ludicrous than yours, full of Yeomanry, pages, </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">gold chains, basket of flowers” – herself – & all other fooleries". </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjICrRwLNR_itFGyYn8kDlUR9xW2ypmnaIlGpcsaonMl5ePn11Eg_OT5P4svqvc3gcq8Mfuj4_57fUoA5nPOE2fKd8VIeYXcBa9RdmMfNdroaXB_qHQSRgQ6MZzG8xaZlyhT7w6hayocJg/s1600/byron.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjICrRwLNR_itFGyYn8kDlUR9xW2ypmnaIlGpcsaonMl5ePn11Eg_OT5P4svqvc3gcq8Mfuj4_57fUoA5nPOE2fKd8VIeYXcBa9RdmMfNdroaXB_qHQSRgQ6MZzG8xaZlyhT7w6hayocJg/s1600/byron.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">My dear L</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. M. – </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> I know very little of the P’s party</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> [</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Princess Caroline] </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">& less of her publication (if it be hers) & am not at </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">all in y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. secret, but I am aware that the advice given her by the most judicious of her “little Senate” has </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">been to remain quiet & leave all to the P C</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. – I have heard nothing of the thing you mention except in </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. papers & did not imagine it to be hers. I by no means consider myself as an attache to her or any </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">party, though I certainly should support her interest in Parliament if brought forward in any shape – & I </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">doubt the possibility of the divorce – firstly – because he would already if he could – 2</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">dly</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. – unless there </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">is diff</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">erent law for Sovereign & subject she might recriminate (even were the charge proved) & by the law </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">of the land as in L</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">d</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. Grosvenor & Duke C’s case there could be no divorce – 3</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">dly.</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> it would hurt the </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">daughter 4 </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">thly</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. if he married again & the Holy Ghost or any other begat him an heir – still there would </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">be a party ready to bastardize the product of the 2</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">d </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> marriage by maintaining the legality of the first & </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">denying his divorce to be legal – & 5</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">thly </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. the uproar would be prodigious & injure his nerves – for my </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">part I care not & think this country wants a little “civil buffeting” to bring </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">some of us to our senses. – I shall not mention your name nor what you have said though I fully agree </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">with you that it is much better for her to be quiet. – M’amie thinks I agree with her in{all} her politics, </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">but she will discover that this is a mistake. – She insists always upon the P’s innocence but then as she </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">sometimes reads me somewhat a tedious homily upon her own I look upon it in much the same point of </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">view as I should on Mary Magdalen’s vindication of M</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">rs. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> Joseph, or any other immaculate riddle. – I </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">suspect from what you say & what I have heard that there will be a scene. – </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">My proposed confidence to you will do for our [ ] meeting & consists merely of one or two slight </span>{domestic} things on which I want to ask your advice, & you know I not only ask but take it when you please. – – I am glad C is so quiet – her account of my letter is right – her inference from it wrong – if she knew anything of human nature she would feel that as long as men love they forgive every thing, but the moment it is over they discover fifty things on which to ground a plausible & perpetual implacability. – She could not renew it – & this she knows, but she is quite right to reserve a point for Vanity. </span></div>
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In her last she says “she shall quit the room or the house the moment I enter it.” I answered that she was to do as she pleased but that my carriage would be always respectful & as friendly as she thought proper to allow – an expression I now regret for she will interpret it into a wish to be again in her trammels which I neither would nor could. – Her letters were still more absurd than ever telling me she had “perjured herself to Lady Cr & M<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">rs</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. L” &</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">c</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. to whom it seems I betrayed her &</span>c <span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. (I can safely appeal </span>to both as you will or may discover) & all this was my fault & so on. – </div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Then comes a long account of the bonfire still more ludicrous than yours, full of Yeomanry, pages, </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">gold chains, basket of flowers” – herself – & all other fooleries. – – L</span>d<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. O. goes to town on Saturday </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">next, & we shall follow him the week or fortnight after – in the mean time write to me – we are very </span>quiet & happy – but I shall certainly attend to what you say on travelling “en famille.” – Believe me <span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">dear L</span>y M <span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">ever y</span>rs [Byron]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">P.S. – I just hear that we shall not </span>be in town before the 20th. – </span></div>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-42746031568959453942012-12-26T23:51:00.000-05:002012-12-26T23:51:25.258-05:00December 27 1812: Wordsworth Accepts the Annuity<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">"After mature consideration, I have resolved to trust to the first feelings excited by your letter; these were rather to owe any addition to my income required by me to your friendship than to the Government, or to any other quarter where it was not in my power to return what, in the common sentiments of men, would be deemed an equivalent. Asking permission therefore to retract my former determination, which I am encouraged to do by </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">the personal intercourse, and marks of regard with which you have since distinguished me, and by the inscrutable delicacy of your last letter, I feel no scruple in saying that I shall with pride and pleasure accept annually the sum offered by your lordship until the office has become vacant, or some other change takes place in my circumstances, which might render it unnecessary. I cannot forbear to add that I feel more satisfaction from this </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">decision, because my opinions would not lead me to decline accepting a pension from Government on the ground that literary men make some sacrifice of independence by such acceptance, and are consequently degraded. The constitution gives to the crown this </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">power of rewarding acknowledged ability, and it is not possible to imagine a more worthy employment of a certain portion of the revenue. But it seems to me that the provisions made by our Government for the support of literature are far too scanty, and in this respect our practice is much inferior to that of other countries, where talents of importance to mankind and to posterity — but which from that very cause can bring little emolument to </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">the possessor of them, and which demand all the thought of all his life — are undoubtedly (where they are understood) fostered and honoured, even as a point of pride. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">This is the case in Germany, and in France. . . . Now, as to the general question, it may be laid down as undeniable, that if to bestow be a duty (and an honourable duty), to accept cannot be otherwise than honourable, . . . "</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">—</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; text-align: start;">William Wordsworth, at Grasmere, <a href="http://archive.org/stream/letterswordswor00wordgoog/letterswordswor00wordgoog_djvu.txt">writes </a>to Lord Lonsdale on </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: start;">December 27, 1812. His children, including Willy, are recovering from the measles, but the grief of the death of Catherine and Thomas is still overwhelming. Needing to support his family, Wordsworth surrenders and accepts the annuity of </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; text-align: start;">£</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: start;">100 pounds a year from Lord Lonsdale.</span></blockquote>
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<br />FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-62790457669176838902012-12-26T00:45:00.002-05:002012-12-26T16:33:26.569-05:00December 26 1812: Joel Barlow Dies<br />
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</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">On December 26, 1812, or earlier on December 24 - the date is not certain [1] - the American diplomat to France, and poet Joel Barlow died of pneumonia in Zarnowiec, between Warsaw and Krakow. Barlow had pursued Napoleon to Vilna that year to try and negotiate a treaty between the United States and France. Napoleon was otherwise occupied at the time. <a href="http://books.google.ca/books?pg=PA263&id=BDIOAAAAIAAJ#v=onepage&q&f=false">Henry Adams</a> will write of Barlow, perhaps a little unfairly, and the American relationship with France in 1812 as follows: </span></div><a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> </span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">While Napoleon remained at Moscow, unable to advance and unwilling to retreat, Bassano wrote, October 11, from Wilna a letter to Barlow saying that the Emperor, regretting the delay which attended negotiation conducted at so great a distance, had put an end to the Due Dalberg's authority and requested Barlow to come in person to Wilna. The request itself was an outrage, for its motive could not be mistaken. For an entire year Barlow had seen the French government elude every demand he made, and he could not fail to understand that the journey to Wilna caused indefinite further delay, when a letter of ten lines to Dalberg might remove every obstacle; but however futile the invitation might be, refusal would have excused the French government's inaction. Throughout life Barlow exulted in activity; a famous traveller, no fatigue or exposure checked his restlessness, and although approaching his sixtieth year he feared no journey. He accepted Bassano's invitation, and October 25 wrote that he should set out the following day for Wilna. A week earlier, Napoleon quitted Moscow, and began his retreat to Poland.</span></div></blockquote><blockquote class="tr_bq"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">Ten days brought Barlow to Berlin, and already Napoleon's army was in full flight and in danger of destruction, although the winter had hardly begun. November 11 Barlow reached Kbnigsberg and plunged into the wastes of Poland. Everywhere on the road he saw the devastation of war, and when he reached Wilna, November 18, he found only confusion. Every one knew that Napoleon was defeated, but no one yet knew the tragedy that had reduced his army of half a million men to a desperate remnant numbering some fifty thousand. While Barlow waited for Napoleon's arrival, Napoleon struggled through one obstacle after another until the fatal passage of the Beresina, November 27, which dissolved his army and caused him to abandon it. December 5, at midnight, he started for Paris, having sent a courier -in advance to warn the Due de Bassano, who lost no time in dismissing his guests from Wilna, where they were no longer safe. Barlow quitted Wilna for Paris the day before Napoleon left his army; but Napoleon soon passed him on the road. The weather was very cold, the thermometer thirteen degrees below zero of Fahrenheit; but Barlow travelled night and day, and after passing through Warsaw, reached a small village called Zarnovitch near Cracow. There he was obliged to stop. Fatigue and exposure caused an acute inflammation of the lungs, which ended his life Dec. 24, 1812. A week earlier Napoleon had reached Paris.</div></span></blockquote><blockquote class="tr_bq"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">Barlow's death passed almost unnoticed, in the general catastrophe of which it was so small a part. Not until March, 1813, was it known in America; and the news had the less effect because circumstances were greatly changed. Madison's earnestness in demanding satisfaction from France expressed not so much his own feelings as fear of his domestic opponents. The triumph of Russia and England strengthened the domestic opposition beyond hope of harmony, and left the President in a desperate strait. No treaty, either with or without indemnities, could longer benefit greatly the Administration, while Napoleon's overthrow threatened to carry down Madison himself in the general ruin. In his own words, </div></span></blockquote><blockquote class="tr_bq"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><blockquote class="tr_bq" style="text-align: justify;">"Had the French emperor not been broken down, as he was to a degree at variance with all probability and which no human sagacity could anticipate, can it be doubted that Great Britain would have been constrained by her own situation and the demands of her allies to listen to our reasonable terms of reconciliation? The moment chosen for war would therefore have been well chosen, if chosen with a reference to the French expedition against Russia; and although not so chosen, the coincidence between the war and the expedition promised at the time to be as favorable as it was fortuitous."</blockquote></span></blockquote><blockquote class="tr_bq"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">Thus the year 1812 closed American relations with France in disappointment and mortification. Whatever hopes Madison might still cherish, he could not repeat the happy diplomacy of 1778 or of 1803. From France he could gain nothing. He had challenged a danger more serious than he ever imagined; for he stood alone in the world in the face of victorious England.</div></span></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>Notes</b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://www.historyofredding.com/HRbarlow.htm"> 1.</a> The existing church tablet in Poland gives it as December 26.</span></div>FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-12830410397319142912012-12-25T23:56:00.001-05:002012-12-26T23:29:06.785-05:00December 26 1812: Letter of Introduction<blockquote class="tr_bq">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>I recommend to your notice & kindness my friend Mr. W. Bankes a gentleman of the first distinction in character, family, & fortune, in this country. – As he will be some time in Albania your acquaintance will be of great advantage to his pursuits, & if he finds it as agreeable &c as Mr. Hobhouse & myself did I trust he will remember it with the same pleasure. – I hope you & Ali Pacha go on well together – Leake is still in this country. – Believe me ever yrs.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">— Lord Byron writes to </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">George Forresti a letter of introduction for <a href="http://1812now.blogspot.ca/2012/09/september-28-1812-byron-and-father-of.html">William Bankes</a>, who is planning to go abroad because of and to practice his orientation, December 26, 1812. </span></blockquote>
FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-80159971307617925252012-12-24T23:46:00.000-05:002012-12-24T23:46:01.513-05:00December 25 1812: Diplomatic Dinner<br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">On December 25 1812, in St Petersburg, John Quincy Adams writes the following <a href="http://archive.org/stream/memoirsjohnquin16adamgoog#page/n10/mode/2up">diary entry</a>: </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">25th. I dined at Count Romanzofts with a company of about sixty persons, the Corps diplomatique, and the principal Ministers of the country. I was seated at the table between Count Maistre and the Duke de Polignac, with both of whom I had much conversation. The news was the evacuation of Courland by the French, and the taking of three thousand Prussians prisoners by the Marquis de Paulucci, the Governor of Riga. This was so small an affair amidst the multitude of great and brilliant successes of the Russian arms that it was spoken of rather contemptuously. Count Romanzoft, laughing heartily and apologizing to me for laying aside the reserve of the Chancellor, told me that the boys in the streets who sold the bulletins, when they followed persons and found them slow to take their goods, would urge them by saying, " Oh, take it! take it| It is not from Paulucci, but from Wittgenstein." The new-comer, Count Lowenhielm, appeared to be in a sort of ecstasy after dinner, at the band of music, particularly the horns, in the chamber adjoining the dining-hall. Admiral Bentinck complained that they smelt too strong of human nature. The Admiral told me that Napoleon had confiscated in Holland property belonging to him worth a hundred thousand pounds sterling.</span> </blockquote>
FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-7313110877585868432012-12-24T09:07:00.000-05:002012-12-24T09:07:01.202-05:00December 24 1812: Impotent Assaults on Canada<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">On December 24 1812, in St Petersburg, John Quincy Adams writes a diary <a href="http://archive.org/stream/memoirsjohnquin16adamgoog#page/n10/mode/2up">entry</a> that includes the shocking news of the total defeat of the second American attempt to invade Canada at the Battle of Queenston. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">24th. The Emperor's birthday, which, for the first time since </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">I have been here, passed over without any celebration and </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">almost without notice. There was a petty illumination of the </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">streets for about two hours in the evening, and nothing more. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The country has suffered so much by the last summer's invas</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">ion, and there have perished such great multitudes of the </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">people and armies, while other multitudes still greater are </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">reduced to ruin and beggary, that the Emperor himself has </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">determined there should be no expensive festivities this winter </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">at his Court, and he particularly forbade the customary celebra</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">tion of his birthday. I was playing at ombre with the ladies, </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">when I received a note from Mr. Harris, with a London gazette </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">extraordinary of 27th November, containing the official ac</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">count (British) of the total defeat of the second American </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">attempt to invade Upper Canada, and the surrender of General </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Wadsworth and nine hundred men. The symptoms disclosed </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">by these repeated shameful terminations of impotent assaults </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">are distressing to the feelings of one who loves his country. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The reliance of man in all cases can only be upon Heaven. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">God grant that these disasters instead of sinking may rouse </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">the spirit of the nation, and that they may learn, though from </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">adversity, the skill and discipline which will be the pledges of </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">their future prosperity!</span></blockquote>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-60348026943010466242012-12-23T00:32:00.001-05:002012-12-23T19:04:33.579-05:00December 23 1812: Lady Caroline's Bonfire<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqBSVidgqd_e2wn18yx1gpBf_BCw1_AhQgQy12LAPzuaj47nFoL7n6Yn0P3n8SwijsA6PGxdZ9rWONX-brOM-7Z0fOhLOKhDpS8uCQ3Ij6s9H3ZyVvXgdOmxSglBdwDQUWbLSDZMYf9m0/s1600/cf.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqBSVidgqd_e2wn18yx1gpBf_BCw1_AhQgQy12LAPzuaj47nFoL7n6Yn0P3n8SwijsA6PGxdZ9rWONX-brOM-7Z0fOhLOKhDpS8uCQ3Ij6s9H3ZyVvXgdOmxSglBdwDQUWbLSDZMYf9m0/s1600/cf.jpg" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">On December 23 1812, Lord Byron answers a letter from Lady Melbourne who has told him about the bonfire that </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Lady Caroline Lamb held at Brocket Hall in which copies of Byron’s letters were burned. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Fiona MacCarthy, in her biography of Byron, describes the bonfire:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq"><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">In December Lady Caroline staged a terrible and imaginative revenge, ordering a bonfire to be lit in the grounds of Brocket Hall, the Melbourne house in Hertfordshire. She instructed a group of village girls from Welwyn, dressed in white, to dance around the bonfire. One of her pages recited the lines she had composed, celebrating the burning in effigy of Byron, an Englishman as traitorous as Guy Fawkes himself. Into the flames she cast a replica of his miniature, copies of his letters chains and rings, flowers and feathers, tawdry ornaments of love: </span></blockquote></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><blockquote class="tr_bq"><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">"Burn, fire, burn, while wondering boys exclaim, </span></blockquote><blockquote class="tr_bq"><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">And gold and trinkets glitter in the flame." </span></blockquote></div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br />
There were probably flames in Caroline's eyes as she gazed on her intricately choreographed masterpiece of poetry and dance, fire and malice.<br />
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Byron's letter is reproduced below.</span><br />
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<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;">Byron to Lady Melbourne, December 23rd 1812: </span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Dec</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">r</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. 23</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">d</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. 1812 </span></div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">My dear Lady M. – </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Your last anecdote seems to shew that our friend is actually possessed by “the foul </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">fiend Hibertigibbet who presides over mopping & mowing” </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> & if the provincial literati dont insert it in </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">the St. Alban’s Mercury, the collectors of extraordinaries ought to be dismissed for malversation & </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">omission. – Seriously though all this forms my best justification – I very much fear it will not forward </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">your interests at the next election except amongst y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. ballad-makers. – What will the Lady B.- say? I </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">fear it will go nigh to the recall of Sir W. Farquhar & the ancient disorder. – </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Was the “odious book” (which has just attained the summit of fame by giving a name to a {very slow} </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">race horse!)</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> added to the conflagration? & what might be the pretty piece of eloquence delivered by </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">her right trusty Henchman? My letters would have added very appropriately to y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. combustibles & I </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">regret y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. omission of such exquisite ingredients. – – – </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">I wrote to you yesterday (franked & directed to B. H. not having then received y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. mandate to y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">contrary) & do not know that I can add anything to my details in that sheet – we are completely out of </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">the world in this place, & have not even a difference to diversify the scene or amuse our </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">correspondents, & you know perhaps that the recapitulation or display of all good things </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">is very insipid to auditors or beholders. – I wait the news of the reception of that same ineffable letter </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">now in your hands, though (as I tell her) I have no great hopes of its’ doing the least good. – It is </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">written a little gravely but very much nevertheless in the usual tone which L</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. B is pleased to say is not </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">“soothing.” – – I am really become very indifferent as to her next proceedings, for what can she do </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">worse than she has already done? – I am much amused with y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. tale of L</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. Cowper’s little girl – her </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Mamma has always had a great share of my most respectful admiration, but I dont desire to be </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">remembered to any of you as I suppose the best wish you have is to forget me as soon as </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">possible; besides which under y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">e</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. impression of C’s correspondence L</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">y </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">. C must conceive me to be a </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">sucking Catiline only less respectable. – Bankes is going abroad, & as I said in my last it is not very </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">unlikely that I may recommence voyaging amongst the Mussulmen. – If so I claim you as a </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">correspondent; since you wont give me up to the reasonable request of the moderate C. & in truth I </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">don’t wish you should. – You know I have obeyed you in everything, from in my suit to y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">e. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Princess of Parallelograms, </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">my breach with little Mania, </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> & my subsequent acknowledgement of the </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">sovereignty of Armida </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> – you have been my director & are still for I do not know anything you could </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">not make me do or undo – & my m’amie</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> (but this you wont believe) </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">has not yet learned the art of managing me, nor superseded your authority. – You would have </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">laughed a little time ago, when I inadvertantly said talking of you that there was nothing you could not </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">make me do or give up (if you thought it worth while) a sentiment which did not meet with the entire </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">approbation of my audience but which I maintained like a Muscovite enamoured of Despotism. – </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">I hear little from London but the lies of the Gazette & will back Buonaparte against the field still.–</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Pray write– & tell me how your taming goes on – I am all acquiescence to you & as much </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">yours as ever d</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">r</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. L</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. M </span><br />
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</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b>Notes</b></span><br />
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</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Fiona MacCarthy, <i>Byron: Life and Legend</i> (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2002) at 191-192. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span></div>FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-88472991594708940722012-12-22T11:10:00.000-05:002012-12-22T11:11:40.158-05:00December 22 1812: Coleridge's Annuity<br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">On December 22, 1812, Samuel Taylor Coleridge is also writing to Daniel Stuart. He writes about the rehearsals for his play "Remorse." Coleridge also passes along the news that Josiah Wedgewood has withdrawn his share of his annuity representing an annual sum of </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">£75.</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> Wedgewood had suffered business losses so was not able to continue to pay the annuity that he had paid Coleridge since 1798. [1] This loss was felt particularly by Coleridge's wife who had received the money from Coleridge in order to maintain their household in Keswick. Coleridge's letter asks Stuart if the receipt of the Courier is on the same "terms" as in the past, presumably meaning the newspaper was sent gratis. One can detect in the letter Coleridge trying to feel out Stuart to see if he will be able to assist him. The letter also shows that Coleridge is now putting all his efforts into his play. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">December 22, 1812, </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">My dear Stuart, - </span>This is my lecture day or I would immediately peruse the Work enclosed to me and write or call on Mr. Owen. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Excepting Tuesday, any day convenient to yourself and Mr. Owen, Mr. Morgan and myself will be happy to dine with you, only be so good as to let me know it a day or two before. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">You have heard that my Play is in rehearsal. I find the alterations and alterations rather a tedious business ; and I am sure, could compose a new Act more easily and in shorter time, than add a single speech of ten lines. The Managers are more sanguine far than I am; and the actors and actresses, with the exception of Miss Smith, are pleased and gratified with their parts. And truly Miss Smith's* part is not appropriate to her talents in kind at least. I am labouring with much vexation and little success to make it better. She was offered a part that would have suited her admirably, but, I know not from what motives, she refused it. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Will Wednesday next week be agreeable to you? </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">You remember that for many years a Courier has been sent to Keswick as a compliment to myself, Southey and Wordsworth, of which we all of us feel the kindness. I have this moment received a letter from Mrs. Coleridge with these words: " N.B. We observe a different name in The Courier. Are you sure that the new proprietor knows upon what terms? Should you not ascertain this lest it should be charged hereafter? I am very anxious." Be so good as to let me know whether Mrs. C's. anxiety has any foundation? Poor woman! she is sadly out of heart in consequence of Mr. Josiah Wedgewood having withdrawn his share of the annuity settled on me. . . .I feel my mind rather lightened, and am glad that I can now enjoy the sensation of sincere gratitude towards him for the past, and most unfeigned esteem and affection with out the weight that every year seemed to accumulate upon it. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Notes</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">1. Richard Holmes <em>Coleridge: Darker Reflections </em>(New York: Harper Colins, 2000), page 328-329</span><br />
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-71262391961246747752012-12-22T10:56:00.002-05:002012-12-22T12:41:05.496-05:00December 22 1812: Wordsworth, Pension, Annuity or Office<br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">On December 22, 1812, William Wordsworth is writing to Daniel Stuart, the editor of The Courier, and touches on his finances. Wordsworth has heard from Lord Lonsdale that Lord Liverpool, the Prime Minister, will not be able to provide him with a office but may be able to provide a small pension. Wordsworth is too proud to accept a pension. Lord Lonsdale has also offered Wordsworth an annuity of £100 which again Wordsworth has rejected out of his sense of honour. Wordsworth is now reconsidering the latter offer given the death of his two children and the burdens of a grieving wife. He is also determined to leave the house at Grasmere filled as it is with the memories of his two children. Wordsworth would prefer to be given an government position which would allow him to continue to write but also provide an income. The distinction between an office, pension or annuity is important to him though his friends, including Stuart, will urge him to take the MONEY regardless of where it comes from. Wordsworth will resist and hopes to be given the position "in the Stamp office for Westmoreland now holden by a man of upwards of 70 who is helpless from a paralytic stroke; it is worth £400 a year." In this regard, Lord Lonsdale has promised to do what he can for him.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Wordsworth's letter to Daniel Stuart is reproduced below. Coincidentally, Coleridge is also writing to Stuart on this day and also touches on his own much more troubled finances.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;">December 22, 1812</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">My dear Sir,—I am afraid you will think that I have been insensible of your kindness in taking </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;">so much pains on my account, as you have neither seen me nor yet heard from me. In fact,I have felt myself very much obliged to you for your most judicious letter, and only deferred returning my thanks till I should be enabled to impart to you something decisive concerning the result. Lord L , happening to be in the country at the time I received yours and another letter from another friend on the same subject, I resolved to ride over, and lay the contents of both before his lordship. This accordingly I did, and found him in the best dispositions to exert himself. He gave me, however, no encouragement to go to London to make enquiries agreeable to your exhortation, but said that he should write to Mr. Long of the Treasury immediately upon the subject. Two or three days ago, I had a letter from Lord L , in which he tells me that he has had an interview with Mr. Long, and with Lord Liverpool; but that they neither of them gave any encouragement to an expectation of anything being procured within a reasonable time that would answer my purpose; that is, an office that would allow such a portion of leisure as would be requisite for a literary man to continue his pursuits. Lord L is so obliging as to say that Lord Liverpool expressed himself favourably of me, and thought my acquirements deserving of a pension; but that this at first could not be considerable, as the fund was limited. So that you see the business may be said to have fallen through, which is not a very different conclusion from what I expected. As I did not even wish, and certainly had not the least right to expect, that Lord L should make a point with the first Lord of the Treasury of demanding a place of value for me; and unless he had made a point of it, there was not much likelihood of anything coming of it in the present embarrassments under which administration labours. . . .</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">There is a place in the Stamp office for Westmoreland now holden by a man of upwards of 70 who is helpless from a paralytic stroke; it is worth </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> £</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">400 a year I believe it at least, and this Lord L--: has promised to procure me if it might be within his patronage (ie if it fall in his lifetime) at the time that it falls vacant</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">...You will be grieved to hear that my family are in great affliction, the measles having just torn from us, after an alarm of a few hours, a heavenly tempered boy, six years and a half old, who was the hope, delight, and pride, of us all, and the admiration of all who knew him.—I am, my dear Sir, with many thanks, most faithfully yours,</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">W. Wordsworth.</span></div>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-8243421259413364172012-12-21T00:21:00.000-05:002012-12-21T22:31:18.480-05:00December 21 1812: Byron and an Englishwoman's Revenge<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;">On December 21 1812, Lord Byron <a href="http://petercochran.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/byron-and-lady-melbourne-1.pdf">writes</a> to Lady Melbourne, again the topic that dominates is Lady Caroline Lamb, who has written to him </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;"> “you have told me how foreign </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;">women revenge – I will show you how an Englishwoman can.” Byron also tells Lady Melbourne that he has plans to travel abroad with Hobhouse in the coming year.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjICrRwLNR_itFGyYn8kDlUR9xW2ypmnaIlGpcsaonMl5ePn11Eg_OT5P4svqvc3gcq8Mfuj4_57fUoA5nPOE2fKd8VIeYXcBa9RdmMfNdroaXB_qHQSRgQ6MZzG8xaZlyhT7w6hayocJg/s1600/byron.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjICrRwLNR_itFGyYn8kDlUR9xW2ypmnaIlGpcsaonMl5ePn11Eg_OT5P4svqvc3gcq8Mfuj4_57fUoA5nPOE2fKd8VIeYXcBa9RdmMfNdroaXB_qHQSRgQ6MZzG8xaZlyhT7w6hayocJg/s1600/byron.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;"><b>Byron to Lady Melbourne, December 21st 1812: </b></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"></span><b style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Dec</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">r</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. 21</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">st</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. 1812 </span></b><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">My dear L</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. Melbourne -- </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">I have not written to you for some days which must be some wonder & great </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">relief to yourself – I do not presume that my epistle to the most amiable of the Ponsonbys [Caroline Lamb's maiden name] </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">will have </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">much effect & I fear L</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. B will not deem it sufficiently “soothing.” – As the Lady however seems to </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">have imagined herself extremely terrific in my eyes I could not altogether humour the mistake, & leave </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">it to the inhabitants of Chili (or where is it?) to worship the D — l. “Soothing!” quotha! I wonder who </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">wants it most! I think at least some portion of that same soothing syrup </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">ought to fall to my share. – – – </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">We have some talk here of a voyage to Sicily &</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">c</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. in the Spring – if so – I shall be of the party – but this </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">is merely speculation for the present – Hobhouse & myself have serious thoughts of “Levanting” once </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">more & I expect to hear from him soon on that & other subjects. – – You will not be sorry to find me </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">once more “on the wings of the wind” & I hope you will send me some English intelligence foreign & </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">domestic. – I shall still retain Kinsham (the place I have taken) even if I go abroad; – if it will be any </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">satisfaction to the respectable C</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">e </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> to know that she has had </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">some share in disgusting me with this country she may enjoy it to the full – if it were not for others I </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">would set sail tomorrow. – My resentment against her is merely passive – I never will degrade myself </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">into her enemy – notwithstanding all the provocatives so plentifully administered. – I shall soon </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">discover if she has been tampering with Clare, but shall not interfere between them further than </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">concerns myself – she will make nothing of him – he has too much sense & too little vanity to be </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">fooled like his friend. – – I wish much to see you on my return to </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">London which will not be before the 12</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">th</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. of next month, – if then – we are all very happy & serene – </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">no scenes – a great deal of music – good cheer – spirits & temper – & every day convinces me of the </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">contrast – by the bye – this travelling scheme as far as regards all except Hobhouse & myself must be a </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">secret – being the first between you & me & if you keep it well – I have ten more for your discreet ear </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">when we meet. –</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5IygA_7tkvOkT47DjhjtNJf4x5FuZtGLeWi9oVWi4WdvCEoW9amx8s4DNXWh59AshyXOGL7RcOYSNOfQItMwANI_Zhafwm8VhlLyxiD5AQ3MU0igq0MKO2Qhj1PKKiaOvdDEjhRYMzuA/s1600/Caroline+Lamb.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5IygA_7tkvOkT47DjhjtNJf4x5FuZtGLeWi9oVWi4WdvCEoW9amx8s4DNXWh59AshyXOGL7RcOYSNOfQItMwANI_Zhafwm8VhlLyxiD5AQ3MU0igq0MKO2Qhj1PKKiaOvdDEjhRYMzuA/s320/Caroline+Lamb.png" width="268" /></a><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">I have not received the letter you mention from L</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. B – & have no great interest in its’ </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">safe arrival – I do not want any recantations & the old or new excuses – whatever the impression may </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">be on others on my mind it is indelible – but let that pass – it is odd </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">that her last letter to me (which came with yours) contains nothing but more general menaces of </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">vengeance & professions of not unwelcome hatred – but {no} particular denunciations of a serious </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">description – the closing sentence is awfully amiable & I copy it – “you have told me how foreign </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">women revenge – I will show you how an Englishwoman can” – – very like the style of Miss Matthews </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">in Amelia & Lucy in the Beggar’s Opera – & by no means having even the merit if Novelty in my ears. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">– A Namesake of C’s </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">was much more polite in her expressions though equally angry – & now – if I </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">may trust the </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">authority of several reputable gentlefolks – does me the honour after the interval of several years </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">to speak of me in very gentle terms – & perhaps in the year 1820 your little Medea may relapse into a </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">milder tone. Believe me dear L</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. M. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> ever y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">rs</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">B</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">n</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">P.S. – I think your plan with her not so good as y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">r</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. general plans are – as long as she is in y</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. country & </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">has nothing to do but gallop on the turnpike [Ms. tear: “&”] scribble absurdities she will be </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">unmanageable – but a fortnight in town – the 10.</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">th</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> Uniform, the first fool & the last comer will work </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">wonders – commit her to C. Square</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> & she will forget every thing if not herself into the bargain – but </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">you know best after all. – – – </span></span></div>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-68831304357054466012012-12-20T00:43:00.003-05:002012-12-20T11:53:17.665-05:00December 20 1812: Grimm's Fairy Tales Published<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Dore_ridinghood.jpg/250px-Dore_ridinghood.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Dore_ridinghood.jpg/250px-Dore_ridinghood.jpg" width="496" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">On December 20, 1812, "Kinder-und Hausmärchen" or "Children's and Household Tales" is <a href="http://www.historytoday.com/richard-cavendish/publication-grimm%E2%80%99s-fairy-tales">first published</a> by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm. The collection would later be known in English as Grimm's Fairy Tales. There were 86 stories in the first volume of the 1812 edition. Eventually, the seventh edition would have 211 stories. The Grimm Brothers would introduce into world literature such characters as Cinderella, Sleeping Beauty, Snow White, Little Red Riding Hood, Rapunzel, Rumpelstiltskin, Hansel and Gretel, the Frog King and many others.</span><br />
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<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Grimm.jpg/300px-Grimm.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Grimm.jpg/300px-Grimm.jpg" width="295" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The Grimm Brothers viewed their first collection as a scholarly attempt to preserve the stories of oral traditions that were disappearing. Over the years, this essentially scholarly undertaking gave way to reshaping the stories as they became more and more popular. They sometimes embellished the stories and added more palatable details. In the end, they could only disguise, but not eliminate, the violence that gives many of the stories their power. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">What follows are excerpts from some of the stories included in that first edition.</span><br />
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<a name='more'></a><b style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><a href="http://pinkmonkey.com/dl/library1/story089.pdf">Little Red Riding Hood</a></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">by Brothers Grimm</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; white-space: pre;"> </span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">From Grimm's Fairy Tales</b><br />
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“But<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">, grandmother, what a terrible </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">large mouth you have!” “The better to devour you!” And no sooner </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">had the wolf said it than he made one bound from the bed, and </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">swallowed up poor Little Red Riding Hood.</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Then the wolf, having satisfied his hunger, lay down again in the </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">bed, went to sleep, and began to snore loudly. The huntsman heard </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">him as he was passing by the house, and thought, “How the old </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">woman snores- I had better see if there is anything the matter with </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">her.” Then he went into the room, and walked up to the bed, and </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">saw the wolf lying there. “At last I find you, you old sinner!” said </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">he; “I have been looking for you a long time.” And he made up his </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">mind that the wolf had swallowed the grandmother whole, and </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">that she might yet be saved. So he did not fire, but took a pair of </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">shears and began to slit up the wolfs body. When he made a few </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">snips Little Red Riding Hood appeared, and after a few more snips </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">she jumped out and cried, “Oh dear, how frightened I have been! It </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">is so dark inside the wolf.” And then out came the old </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">grandmother, still living and breathing. But Little Red Riding </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Hood went and quickly fetched some large stones, with which she </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">filled the wolf’s body, so that when he waked up, and was going to </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">rush away, the stones were so heavy that he sank down and fell </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">dead.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><a href="http://classiclit.about.com/library/bl-etexts/grimm/bl-grimm-cinderella.htm"><b>Cinderella</b></a></span><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">by Brothers Grimm</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; white-space: pre;"> </span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">From Grimm's Fairy Tales.</b><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Next morning, he went with it to the father, and said to him, "No one shall be my wife but she whose foot this golden slipper fits." Then were the two sisters glad, for they had pretty feet. The eldest went with the shoe into her room and wanted to try it on, and her mother stood by. But she could not get her big toe into it, and the shoe was too small for her. Then her mother gave her a knife and said, "Cut the toe off; when thou art Queen thou wilt have no more need to go on foot." The maiden cut the toe off, forced the foot into the shoe, swallowed the pain, and went out to the King's son. Then he took her on his his horse as his bride and rode away with her. They were, however, obliged to pass the grave, and there, on the hazel-tree, sat the two pigeons and cried,</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">"Turn and peep, turn and peep,</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">There's blood within the shoe,</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The shoe it is too small for her,</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The true bride waits for you."</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Then he looked at her foot and saw how the blood was streaming from it. He turned his horse round and took the false bride home again, and said she was not the true one, and that the other sister was to put the shoe on. Then this one went into her chamber and got her toes safely into the shoe, but her heel was too large. So her mother gave her a knife and said, "Cut a bit off thy heel; when thou art Queen thou wilt have no more need to go on foot." The maiden cut a bit off her heel, forced her foot into the shoe, swallowed the pain, and went out to the King's son. He took her on his horse as his bride, and rode away with her, but when they passed by the hazel-tree, two little pigeons sat on it and cried,</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">"Turn and peep, turn and peep,</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">There's blood within the shoe</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The shoe it is too small for her,</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The true bride waits for you."</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">He looked down at her foot and saw how the blood was running out of her shoe, and how it had stained her white stocking. Then he turned his horse and took the false bride home again. "This also is not the right one," said he, "have you no other daughter?" "No," said the man, "There is still a little stunted kitchen-wench which my late wife left behind her, but she cannot possibly be the bride." The King's son said he was to send her up to him; but the mother answered, "Oh, no, she is much too dirty, she cannot show herself!" He absolutely insisted on it, and Cinderella had to be called. She first washed her hands and face clean, and then went and bowed down before the King's son, who gave her the golden shoe. Then she seated herself on a stool, drew her foot out of the heavy wooden shoe, and put it into the slipper, which fitted like a glove. And when she rose up and the King's son looked at her face he recognized the beautiful maiden who had danced with him and cried, "That is the true bride!" The step-mother and the two sisters were terrified and became pale with rage; he, however, took Cinderella on his horse and rode away with her. As they passed by the hazel-tree, the two white doves cried --</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">"Turn and peep, turn and peep,</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">No blood is in the shoe,</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The shoe is not too small for her,</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The true bride rides with you," </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">and when they had cried that, the two came flying down and placed themselves on Cinderella's shoulders, one on the right, the other on the left, and remained sitting there.</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">When the wedding with the King's son had to be celebrated, the two false sisters came and wanted to get into favour with Cinderella and share her good fortune. When the betrothed couple went to church, the elder was at the right side and the younger at the left, and the pigeons pecked out one eye of each of them. Afterwards as they came back, the elder was at the left, and the younger at the right, and then the pigeons pecked out the other eye of each. And thus, for their wickedness and falsehood, they were punished with blindness as long as they lived.</span></blockquote>
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<b><a href="http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/type0410.html#grimm">Briar Rose</a> </b></div>
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<b><a href="http://www.newyorker.com/arts/critics/books/2012/07/23/120723crbo_books_acocella?currentPage=1">(“The Sleeping Beauty”)</a></b></div>
<b style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">by Brothers Grimm</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; white-space: pre;"> </span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>From Grimm's Fairy Tales.</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">[Briar Rose] pricked her finger with the spindle and immediately fell into a deep sleep. The king and his retinue had just returned and they too, along with the flies on the wall and everything else in the castle, fell asleep. All around the castle grew a hedge of thorns, concealing everything from sight...</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Princes, who had heard about the beautiful Brier-Rose, came and tried to free her, but they could not penetrate the hedge. It was as if the thorns were firmly attached to hands. The princes became stuck in them, and they died miserably. And thus it continued for many long years.</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Then one day a prince was traveling through the land. An old man told him about the belief that there was a castle behind the thorn hedge, with a wonderfully beautiful princess asleep inside with all of her attendants. His grandfather had told him that many princes had tried to penetrate the hedge, but that they had gotten stuck in the thorns and had been pricked to death.</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">"I'm not afraid of that," said the prince. "I shall penetrate the hedge and free the beautiful Brier-Rose."</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">He went forth, but when he came to the thorn hedge, it turned into flowers. They separated, and he walked through, but after he passed, they turned back into thorns. He went into the castle. Horses and colorful hunting dogs were asleep in the courtyard. Pigeons, with their little heads stuck under they wings, were sitting on the roof. As he walked inside, the flies on the wall, the fire in the kitchen, the cook and the maid were all asleep. He walked further. All the attendants were asleep; and still further, the king and the queen. It was so quiet that he could hear his own breath.</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Finally he came to the old tower where Brier-Rose was lying asleep. The prince was so amazed at her beauty that he bent over and kissed her. At that moment she awoke, and with her the king and the queen, and all the attendants, and the horses and the dogs, and the pigeons on the roof, and the flies on the walls. The fire stood up and flickered, and then finished cooking the food. The roast sizzled away. The cook boxed the kitchen boy's ears. And the maid finished plucking the chicken. Then the prince and Brier-Rose got married, and they lived long and happily until they died. </span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><a href="http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/grimm012a.html">Rapunzel </a></b></span><br />
<b style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">by Brothers Grimm<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>From Grimm's Fairy Tales.</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">At first Rapunzel was frightened, but soon she came to like the young king so well that she arranged for him to come every day and be pulled up. Thus they lived in joy and pleasure for a long time.</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The fairy did not discover what was happening until one day Rapunzel said to her, "Frau Gothel, tell me why it is that my clothes are all too tight. They no longer fit me." "You godless child," said the fairy. "What am I hearing from you?" She immediately saw how she had been deceived and was terribly angry. She took Rapunzel's beautiful hair, wrapped it a few times around her left hand, grasped a pair of scissors with her right hand, and snip snip, cut it off. Then she sent Rapunzel into a wilderness where she suffered greatly and where, after a time, she gave birth to twins, a boy and a girl.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><a href="http://www.newyorker.com/arts/critics/books/2012/07/23/120723crbo_books_acocella#ixzz2FYqFzpUt">Juniper Tree</a></b></span><br />
<b style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">by Brothers Grimm<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>From Grimm's Fairy Tales.</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Well, give him a slap, the mother says. Marlene does so, and the boy’s head falls off. “What a dreadful thing you’ve done. But don’t breathe a word,” the stepmother says. “We’ll cook him up in a stew.” Then the husband comes home and she serves him the stew. He loves it. “No one else can have any of it,” he says. “Somehow I feel as if it’s all for me.” </span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Fox_and_the_Cat"><b>The Fox and the Cat</b></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>by Brothers Grimm<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>From Grimm's Fairy Tales.</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">It happened that the cat met the fox in a forest, and as she thought to herself: 'He is clever and full of experience, and much esteemed in the world,' she spoke to him in a friendly way. 'Good day, dear Mr Fox, how are you? How is all with you? How are you getting on in these hard times?' The fox, full of all kinds of arrogance, looked at the cat from head to foot, and for a long time did not know whether he would give any answer or not. At last he said: 'Oh, you wretched beard-cleaner, you piebald fool, you hungry mouse-hunter, what can you be thinking of? Have you the cheek to ask how I am getting on? What have you learnt? How many arts do you understand?' 'I understand but one,' replied the cat, modestly. 'What art is that?' asked the fox. 'When the hounds are following me, I can spring into a tree and save myself.' 'Is that all?' said the fox. 'I am master of a hundred arts, and have into the bargain a sackful of cunning. You make me sorry for you; come with me, I will teach you how people get away from the hounds.' Just then came a hunter with four dogs. The cat sprang nimbly up a tree, and sat down at the top of it, where the branches and foliage quite concealed her. 'Open your sack, Mr Fox, open your sack,' cried the cat to him, but the dogs had already seized him, and were holding him fast. 'Ah, Mr Fox,' cried the cat. 'You with your hundred arts are left in the lurch! Had you been able to climb like me, you would not have lost your life.'</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><a href="http://www.newyorker.com/arts/critics/books/2012/07/23/120723crbo_books_acocella#ixzz2FZCxKV6g"><b>The Stubborn Child </b></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>by Brothers Grimm<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>From Grimm's Fairy Tales.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Once upon a time there was a stubborn child who never did what his mother told him to do. The dear Lord, therefore, did not look kindly upon him, and let him become sick. No doctor could cure him and in a short time he lay on his deathbed. After he was lowered into his grave and covered over with earth, one of his little arms suddenly emerged and reached up into the air. They pushed it back down and covered the earth with fresh earth, but that did not help. The little arm kept popping out. So the child’s mother had to go to the grave herself and smack the little arm with a switch. After she had done that, the arm withdrew, and then, for the first time, the child had peace beneath the earth.</span></blockquote>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-7966192514157048512012-12-20T00:17:00.003-05:002012-12-20T00:17:53.939-05:00December 20 1812: Devils Powder-Puff<br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Do not let me forget to say in case of another fall upon the scrapes, or any cut, – that the easiest & most efficacious of all styptics is the dust of that fungus which is called the Devils powder-puff, or his snuff-box. Gather the next you meet with for this purpose. John Wesley furnished me with the fact. I have had one for some years at hand & the other day when Edith had pricked a vein, [blood] was instantly staunched. – This same powder burnt under a hive will stupefy the bees.</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">— <i>Robert Southey <a href="http://www.rc.umd.edu/editions/southey_letters/Part_Four/HTML/letterEEd.26.2191.html">writes</a> to this brother Thomas Southey with advice on how to use Devil's powder-put or snuff to check bleeding or stupefy bees, if burnt under a hive, December 20, 1812. </i></span></blockquote>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-26618798999810903472012-12-19T19:10:00.002-05:002012-12-19T22:49:22.834-05:00December 19 1812: Prevost on Naval Superiority<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">On December 19, 1812, Sir George Prevost from Castle St. Lewis, Quebec writes to Captain Gray.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>Sir George Prevost to Captain A. Gray.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>Castle St. Lewis, Quebec, 19th Dec, 1812.</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Sir,—I have rec'd your letters of the 3d and 11th inst., containing your report upon the state of the marine of the Upper Province, together with your suggestions upon the most effectual mode of obtaining and preserving a naval superiority on the lakes.</span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">I am fully aware both from your representation and from what I have heard from other quarters of the low and inefficient state of our naval establishment in the Upper Province, and of the necessity of the most vigorous exertions to place it upon the footing that shall enable us with any hope or prospect of success to meet the enemy in that quarter.</span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">I have therefore made the strongest representations to His Majesty's Gov't. at home what has been said by Sir John Warren of the necessity of an immediate supply of officers and men for the ships now on the lakes and those to be built. Mr. Plucknett, an experienced officer in the King's naval yards, has been appointed as superintendent of the dockyards, and the work to be carried on for the construction of the new vessels, and has already proceeded, together with 120 shipwrights and carpenters, to Upper Canada. Thirty-four seamen are also on their way to you, and the Asst. Qr.-Master General has been directed to procure as many more as can be obtained, and g. a. for the supply of shipwrights and carpenters will also be sent to you if required.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">With these aids you will be enabled to enter upon the execution of the plan you have submitted, and of which I approve, of </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">laying down at York a ship burthen and mounting 30-32 pr. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">carronades, and two vessels of the class of the Royal George—the one at Kingston and the other at Amherstburg.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">For the security of the vessels now on Lake Ontario and to guard ag[ains]t any attempt of the enemy to destroy them when the navigation opens, I have directed a long 18 pr. and 2-12 to be forwarded from Quebec and two twelves from Montreal as soon as it can be done consistent with the other services going on, Mr. Clark having this day commanded the transporting for that port of the ordnance stores necessary for the two 18-gun vessels. [Erased] a company of the 49th, with a proportion of artillery, have been ordered for Kingston and York, and their places will be supplied by a company of the Glengarrys and a detach[men]t of artillery from Montreal.*</span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">These precautionary measures will, I think, be sufficient to ensure the safety of our shipp[in]g on the lake until the expected reinforcements of naval officers and men arrive from England or Halifax.</span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">With regard to your plan for the destruction of the enemy's naval force in Sackett's Harbor, it will require some consideration</span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">*I have also given instructions for the building of blockhouses at Kingston, Prescott, and Chippawa.</span></div>
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FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7622304105897998359.post-78261756820013893232012-12-18T22:44:00.003-05:002012-12-19T10:52:01.261-05:00December 19 1812: French Beat Russians<div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvOOng_4r7RoxEwBQLE3l7Qrou14Nm4QwChR1GCGTN3153EkrVfDBjfK6VsP1mFntZ_AcqHU4ulqwYxC7eHu167Svq1TGwhCEKFbR2MrrrtMwSTPyeU0EzX6gPMBK1kx5CoC2xYZGt0N0/s1600/Sheaffe.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvOOng_4r7RoxEwBQLE3l7Qrou14Nm4QwChR1GCGTN3153EkrVfDBjfK6VsP1mFntZ_AcqHU4ulqwYxC7eHu167Svq1TGwhCEKFbR2MrrrtMwSTPyeU0EzX6gPMBK1kx5CoC2xYZGt0N0/s320/Sheaffe.jpg" width="297" /></a></div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">On December 19, 1812, Major Sheaffe passes on to Colonel Talbot further news including news from Russia about the Battle of Borodino. "The French say they have beaten the Russians," he writes "on the River Moskwa, 25 leagues from Moscow. They own the loss of 10,000, and estimate that of the Russians at 40 to 50,000. It is said that the latter were joined" after the battle by 40,000 from Moscow, which city an uncredited report states to have been taken by the French."</span><br />
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</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The full letter is reproduced below.</span><br />
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<b style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Major-General Sheaffe to Colonel Talbot</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b>Fort George, 19th Decr., 1812.</b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br />
</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">My Dear Colonel,—In consequence of the explanation furnished by you and L. Colonel Nichol, I shall authorize the payment of the sums disallowed in the estimate of the 24th Septr. for the pay of the Norfolk, Middlesex and Oxford regiments.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br />
</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">I received despatches yesterday from headquarters to the 6th Decr. A superintendent and storekeeper for our dock-yard arrived at Kingston, a Mr. Plucknett, who has been in one of our dockyards at home. From 100 to 120 shipwrights and 30 seamen are by this time near Kingston. Naval officers and seamen are expected from Halifax. A frigate and a sloop of war'are to be built on this lake and another vessel like the Lady Prevost on Lake Erie. Some gunboats with heavy guns are to be added to the list.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br />
</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The Royal George and Moira winter at Kingston. There has been a ridiculous affair near Champlain: 6 or 700 Americans attempted to surprise a picquet of ours of 20 voyageurs and 12 Indians, who were placed in a ditch by Mr. McCoy, command'g. The Americans so completely surrounded the post that had been occupied by our people that in firing on them they only injured one another, and our men joined in the fire, without having a man hurt. The enemy retired after having 50 or 60 killed and wounded. A few of the latter were taken.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">I. Coffin is appointed temporary Acting Assistant Commissary General.</span><br />
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</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Lord Wellington has taken Burgos. The French say they have beaten the Russians on the River Moskwa, 25 leagues from Moscow. They own the loss of 10,000, and estimate that of the Russians at 40 to 50,000. It is said that the latter were joined" after the battle by 40,000 from Moscow, which city an uncredited report states to have been taken by the French.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br />
</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Madison has been re-elected by 47. Rumor says that the United States frigate has been taken. Parliament is dissolved.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br />
</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Massena advancing with 10,000 men towards Spain. Suchet and Joseph have retired from Valentia. Seville taken by assault with little loss. One of the large French mortars employed against Cadiz, and deserted by the Gauls, has been sent to England as a present to the Prince of Wales. The Government of Spain has published a declaration of freedom to all who had acted with the French.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br />
</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">If you knew but all I have to say, to write, and to do, you might be able to estimate the value of so long a letter. Local intelligence I leave to L. Colonel Bostwick.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>FAASouzahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10678069491488055908noreply@blogger.com0